苏钟猪脂蛋白脂肪酶的组织表达谱及其生物信息学分析

为进一步了解猪LPL基因的结构和功能,本研究以苏钟猪为试验对象,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法,分析该基因在苏钟猪5种不同组织(心脏、肝脏、肾脏、皮下脂肪和背最长肌)中RNA水平的表达谱信息;对苏钟猪LPL基因的CDS区域进行了克隆测序,并用生物信息学方法分析了苏钟猪LPL蛋白水平的结构和功能.结果表明:LPL基因在各组织中的mRNA表达丰度为:皮下脂肪＞心脏＞肾脏＞背最长肌＞肝脏,其中皮下脂肪的表达量显著高于其他组织(P＜0.01),且公猪背最长肌中的表达量显著高于母猪(P＜0.01),公猪与母猪间的眼肌面积和瘦肉率性状均差异显著(P＜0.05).猪LPL基因编码含479个氨基酸的蛋白,理论等电点为4.99,具有疏水性,存在信号肽,是分泌型蛋白,与牛、绵羊、家猫等的亲缘关系较近.LPL对苏钟猪的皮下脂肪、心脏、肾脏、肌肉等组织的脂肪沉积有重要影响,可成为苏钟猪肉质改良育种中的重要候选基因.     

夏季新型发酵床猪舍与普通猪舍温度比较分析

 在夏季7~8月份高温季节对南京市六合区江苏省农科院试验猪场两种不同类型育肥猪舍室内温度进行了观测分析。数据比较分析表明：夏季新型可移动发酵床育肥舍室内日平均温度波动幅度较大,而普通育肥舍室内日平均温度波动幅度较小;新型可移动发酵床育肥舍在夏季中午高温时舍内日平均温度高于普通育肥舍内日平均温度,而早上和晚上的日平均温度低于普通育肥舍内日平均温度。     

海洋生态资本理论框架下海洋生物资源的存量评估

海洋生态资本是能够直接或间接作用于人类社会经济生产、提供有用的产品流或服务流的海洋生态资源.海洋生态资源包括海洋生物资源及其生境资源.海洋生态资源的存量价值由海洋生物资源存量价值和海洋生境资源存量价值构成.针对我国海洋生物资源的特征,在海洋生态资本理论框架下,提出了鱼类、贝类、甲壳类、头足类、大型海藻等主要海洋生物资源的存量价值评估技术方法,包括物质量评估和价值量评估.探讨了海洋生物资源单位价格确定、评估价值修正、评估方法的适用性、成本扣除等问题.     

拟南芥中异源过表达黄瓜CsTRY基因对表皮毛的抑制作用

 将拟南芥表皮毛调控基因TRIPTYCHON（TRY）、CAPRICE（CPC）以及ENHANCER OF TRY AND CPC1（ETC1）的序列信息,在黄瓜基因组数据库中进行BLAST比对后发现,它们都对应于黄瓜中的同一个基因CsTRY。异源过量表达黄瓜CsTRY导致拟南芥叶片表皮毛大量减少,且使拟南芥中表皮毛起始基因GLABRA2（GL2）的表达量显著下降,表明黄瓜CsTRY基因与拟南芥TRY基因可能具有功能上的保守性,通过阻碍GL1-GL3/EGL3-TTG1三聚体复合物的形成来降低GL2的表达,从而抑制表皮毛的形成。     

Artesunate negatively controls expression of cyclin D1 and activity of AP-1 by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2 protein in HSC-T6 cells

AIM: To investigate the effects of artesunate(Art) on the expression of ERK1/2, AP-1 and cyclin D1 in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Art against hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: HSC-T6 cells were treated with platelet-derived growth factor BB(PDGF-BB) to induce cell proliferation. The cells were divided into control group, PDGF-BB group, PDGF-BB+Art groups (with 6.25 mg稬^-1, 25 mg稬^-1or 50 mg稬^-1 of Art) and PDGF-BB+PD98059 group. The level of collagen type I in the supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression levels of ERK1/2 and cyclin D1 were measured by RT-PCR. The protein levels of p-ERK1/2 and cyclin D1 in HSC-T6 cells were detected by Western blotting. The activity of AP-1 was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: The concentration of collagen type I was significantly higher in PDGF-BB group than that in control group (P<0.05), and decreased in PDGF-BB+Art group and PDGF-BB+PD98059 group in comparison with that in PDGF-BB group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The protein level of ERK1/2 in PDGF-BB+Art group (50 mg稬^-1) was lower than that in PDGF-BB group (P<0.05), and was even lower in PDGF-BB+PD98059 group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of cyclin D1 in PDGF-BB+Art groups (25 mg稬^-1and 50 mg稬^-1) and PDGF-BB+PD98059 group were significantly lower than that in PDGF-BB group (P<0.05). The protein levels of p-ERK1/2 and cyclinD1 were the highest in PDGF-BB group, and significantly lower in PDGF-BB+Art groups (6.25 mg稬^-1, 25 mg稬^-1 and 50 mg稬^-1) and PDGF-BB+PD98059 group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The AP-1 binding activity in HSC-T6 cells was down-regulated by Art. CONCLUSION: Artesunate inhibits the proliferation of HSC-T6 cells in vitro by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2, thus down-regulating the activity of AP-1 and expression of cyclin D1.     

Neuroprotective effect of L-serine on rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effect, therapeutic dosage and time window of L-serine against permanent cerebral injury in rats. METHODS: Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) was induced in the rats to determine the efficacy of L-serine (ip) by neurological evaluation, TTC staining and Nissl staining.L-serine was used at different doses (56 mg/kg, 168 mg/kg and 504 mg/kg) and for different time periods (1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after pMCAO). Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), an inhibitor of serine racemase, was used to alter the efficacy of L-serine. Laser Doppler perfusion monitor was used to observe the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the ischemic cerebral cortex under the condition with or without L-serine treatment. RESULTS: Treatment with L-serine at doses of 168 mg/kg and 504 mg/kg at time point of 3 h after pMCAO greatly decreased the neurological deficit score and infarct volume,and attenuated the loss of hippocampal CA1 neuronal cells. In the observation of therapeutic time window, L-serine displayed a significant neuroprotective effect if used within 6 h after pMCAO, but did not exert any notable effect if used over 12 h after pMCAO. AOAA hardly changed the effect of L-serine. L-serine treatment notably raised rCBF in the area of ischemic cerebral cortex when it was injected 30 min after pMCAO. However, strychnine, an antagonist of strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor, did not alter this effect of L-serine. CONCLUSION: L-serine has neuroprotective effect on permanent ischemic brain injury in rats if administered early and sufficiently by augmentation of rCBF in the ischemic cerebral cortex.     

Expression of ERK5 in colorectal cancer tissues and its correlation with distant metastasis in colorectal cancer patients

AIM: To investigate the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and adjacent normal mucosa, and to analyze the relationship between ERK5 expression and clinicopathological parameters for exploring the functions of ERK5 in the occurrence and development of CRC. METHODS: The expression of ERK5 in carcinoma tissues and normal mucosa was examined by a set of tissue microarrays and the method of immunohistochemistry. The potential relationship between ERK5 expression and clinicopathological features was also analyzed. RESULTS: ERK5 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues (134/338, 39.6%) than that in normal tissues (21/80, 26.2%; P<0.05). Overexpression of ERK5 in CRC tissues was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (P<0.05). However, no correlation between ERK5 expression and age at surgery, sex, tumor location, the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM staging or differentiation grade was found (P>0.05). According to the Kaplan-Meier analysis, there is no significant difference in 5-year overall survival between the patients with ERK5 expression at high level and at low level. CONCLUSION: ERK5 protein is highly expressed in CRC with distant metastasis. This may be a promotive factor in the process of distant metastasis.     

北京鸭FABP2基因多态性与体尺和屠体性状的相关性研究

本研究以12个全同胞家系共224只G2代北京鸭资源群体为试验材料,分别利用DNA序列测定和PCR-RFLP方法检测G1和G2代个体基因型。结果在北京鸭小肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP2)基因中共发现4处单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),外显子3中1处SNP(92bp)可导致氨基酸的改变(Gly→Ser),G2代中该SNP产生3种基因型:AA、AB和BB,其频率分别为0.103、0.629和0.268,群体中A基因频率为0.417,B基因频率为0.583。最小二乘分析表明,BB基因型个体的体斜长、胫围和颈长显著高于AB基因型;BB基因型个体胫蹼重、肌胃重和翅重显著高于AA基因型和AB基因型;BB基因型个体头重显著高于AA基因型(P<0.05)。综上所述,FABP2基因外显子3中(92bp)的SNP与北京鸭的部分体尺和屠体性状显著相关,可作为北京鸭体尺和屠体性状标记辅助选择的分子标记。     

北京市朝阳区景观连接度距离阈值研究

景观连接度方法是一种进行景观生态安全格局定量化评价的较好方法。此方法的应用中,景观连接度适宜距离阈值是一个关键因素,以北京市朝阳区为例对其展开研究。选取景观组分数(NC)、整体连接度指数(ⅡC)以及可能连接度指数(PC)来表征景观连接度以及计算斑块重要性值(dI);预设9个距离阈值,探讨不同距离阈值下景观连接度和斑块重要性值的变化规律。结果表明:北京市朝阳区景观连接度的距离阈值以400～600 m为宜。在此距离阈值的约束下分析表明,小型生态斑块对提高区域景观连接度有重要作用。     

参与式乡村评估在青海海东地区CDM造林再造林项目中的应用

基于实地踏查、问卷调查、社区会议及关键人物访谈等参与式乡村评估工具对青海海东地区清洁发展机制(CDM)造林再造林项目进行评估,结果表明:拟议项目能很好地反映当地社区生计发展需求,不仅将对缓解气候变化做出贡献,还将为社区经济发展和环境保护做出贡献。农户、社区和政府等相关利益群体对项目实施提出进行更多的技术和业务培训,合理选择资金安排,采用混交种植方式等有益建议。